在化工江湖里，精萘是个“低调大佬”——它从煤焦油中提纯而来，身价虽不及金刚石耀眼，却渗透进染料、医药、军工等十几个行业，堪称“工业维生素”。

　　In the chemical industry, refined naphthalene is a "low-key expert" - it is purified from coal tar, and although its value is not as dazzling as diamond, it has penetrated into more than ten industries such as dyes, pharmaceuticals, and military industry, and can be called an "industrial vitamin".

　　一、染料界“调色大师”

　　1、 The master of color matching in the dye industry

　　直接染料“基底液”：

　　Direct dye "base solution":

　　精萘是合成“直接耐晒黑G”的核心原料，这种染料能让棉布经得起100℃沸水煮、40次工业洗涤不褪色。

　　Naphthalene is the core raw material for synthesizing "direct sun resistant black G". This dye can make cotton fabrics withstand boiling water at 100 ℃ and 40 industrial washes without fading.

　　案例：某印染厂用含精萘的染料处理工作服，色牢度提升3级，重染率下降60%。

　　Case: A certain printing and dyeing factory treated work clothes with dyes containing refined naphthalene, which improved color fastness by 3 levels and reduced re dyeing rate by 60%.

　　酸性染料“增艳剂”：

　　Acid dye "brightening agent":

　　精萘衍生物“H酸”是酸性染料的关键中间体，能让羊毛、丝绸呈现艳丽色泽。

　　The refined naphthalene derivative "H-acid" is a key intermediate of acidic dyes, which can make wool and silk present bright colors.

　　高端玩法：用精萘合成“荧光增白剂”，让白纸白度突破150%（ISO标准），堪称“造纸界的美颜相机”。

　　High end gameplay: Using refined naphthalene to synthesize "fluorescent whitening agent", the whiteness of white paper exceeds 150% (ISO standard), making it the "beauty camera" of the paper industry.

　　二、医药圈“隐形英雄”

　　2、 Invisible heroes in the pharmaceutical industry

　　止痛药“灵魂配料”：

　　Painkillers' soul ingredients':

　　精萘经磺化、氯化可制得“萘普生”，这种非甾体抗炎药年销量超百亿片，是关节炎患者的“救命药”。

　　Naphthalene can be sulfonated and chlorinated to produce "naproxen", a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug with an annual sales volume of over 10 billion tablets, which is a "life-saving medicine" for arthritis patients.

　　驱虫药“特效成分”：

　　Insect repellent "special ingredients":

　　精萘氧化产物“α-萘酚”是驱虫药“扑蛲灵”的活性成分，能麻痹蛲虫神经，儿童用药量需精确到0.1mg/kg。

　　The oxidation product of refined naphthalene, α - naphthol, is the active ingredient of the anthelmintic drug "Puxianling", which can paralyze the nerves of pinworms. The dosage for children should be precise to 0.1mg/kg.

　　三、军工领域“硬核材料”

　　3、 Hard nuclear materials in the military industry

　　火箭燃料“助推剂”：

　　Rocket fuel "booster":

　　精萘与硝酸反应生成“二硝基萘”，比冲性能比传统燃料提升15%，用于某型固体火箭发动机。

　　The reaction between refined naphthalene and nitric acid produces "dinitronaaphthalene", which has a specific impulse performance 15% higher than traditional fuels and is used in a certain type of solid rocket engine.

　　安全警示：二硝基萘生产需在-5℃以下进行，否则易自燃引发爆炸。

　　Safety warning: The production of dinitro naphthalene must be carried out below -5 ℃, otherwise it is prone to spontaneous combustion and explosion.

　　炸药“稳定器”：

　　Explosive stabilizer:

　　精萘衍生物“萘酚”能降低炸药感度，使TNT在运输中撞击不爆炸，储存寿命延长至10年。

　　Naphthol, a derivative of refined naphthalene, can reduce the sensitivity of explosives, prevent TNT from exploding upon impact during transportation, and extend its storage life to 10 years.

　　四、新材料“魔法粉末”

　　4、 New material 'Magic Powder'

　　减水剂“增效剂”：

　　Water reducing agent "synergist":

　　精萘磺化产物“萘系减水剂”能让混凝土流动性提升30%，高铁轨枕、核电站安全壳都用它“瘦身”。

　　The refined naphthalene sulfonation product "naphthalene based water reducer" can increase the fluidity of concrete by 30%, and it is used to "slim down" high-speed rail sleepers and nuclear power plant safety shells.

　　环保突破：第三代萘系减水剂废水COD（化学需氧量）下降80%，告别“高污染”标签。

　　Environmental breakthrough: The COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the wastewater from the third-generation naphthalene based water reducing agent has decreased by 80%, bidding farewell to the label of "high pollution".

　　碳材料“前驱体”：

　　Carbon material precursor:

　　精萘高温裂解可制得“中间相沥青”，进一步纺丝得到“碳纤维”，强度是钢的10倍，用于C919大飞机机翼。

　　High temperature cracking of refined naphthalene can produce "intermediate phase asphalt", which can be further spun to obtain "carbon fiber" with a strength 10 times that of steel. It is used for the wings of C919 large aircraft.

　　五、避坑指南：精萘使用“红线”

　　5、 Avoiding pitfalls guide: Use the "red line" for refined naphthalene

　　防爆三件套：

　　Explosion proof three piece set:

　　精萘粉尘遇明火会爆炸，生产车间需配防爆灯、泄爆口、静电消除器，缺一不可。

　　Naphthalene dust will explode when exposed to open flames, and the production workshop needs to be equipped with explosion-proof lamps, explosion vents, and static eliminators, all of which are indispensable.

　　职业防护：

　　Occupational protection:

　　工人需佩戴防毒面具+防护服，精萘蒸汽浓度超10mg/m³会引发头晕、恶心，长期接触可能致癌。

　　Workers need to wear gas masks and protective clothing. Does the concentration of naphthalene vapor exceed 10mg/m³ May cause dizziness and nausea, and long-term exposure may lead to cancer.

　　精萘不是“配角”，而是工业革命的“燃料”

　　Refined naphthalene is not a "supporting role", but a "fuel" of the industrial revolution

　　从染缸到火箭发射台，精萘用化学魔法串联起现代工业的各个环节。记住：没有“万能原料”，只有不断被开发的潜能。下次再看到五彩斑斓的布料、呼啸升空的火箭时，不妨想想那个在实验室里被提纯、被改性的精萘分子——它虽小，却撑起了工业文明的半壁江山。

　　From dye vat to rocket launch pad, refined naphthalene uses chemical magic to connect various links of modern industry. Remember: there is no universal material, only the potential that is constantly being developed. The next time you see colorful fabrics and rockets roaring into the sky, think about the refined and modified naphthalene molecule in the laboratory - it is small, but it holds up half of the industrial civilization.

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